The Land

The land of the Nilgiris is as diverse as it is captivating, with rolling hills, dense forests, mist covered valleys, and towering peaks, that have been shaped over time by natural forces and human development. It's rich biodiversity and cultural heritage make it one of the most fascinating landscapes in the world.

Sholas

Sholas play a critical role in water regulation for the mountains. During the monsoon they soak up rainfall like a sponge, then slowly release it through the rest of the year, providing constant river flow. When the shola is deforested, the land is unable to retain water and becomes caught in a destructive cycle of monsoon flooding and subsequent drought.

Rivers of the Nilgiris

The Nilgiris is home to several rivers, including the Pykara, Bhavani, and Moyar, all of which play a significant role in the ecological and socio-economic framework of southern India. The Pykara, the largest river in the Nilgiris, and the Moyar are renowned for their contributions to hydro power projects, while the river Bhavani is crucial for irrigation and providing drinking water in Tamil Nadu. However, in recent years, challenges such as deforestation, excessive rainfall, and human interventions like dam construction have posed significant risks to the flow and overall health of these rivers.